Markedness the evaluative superstructure of language pdf

Study 4 illustrates how an unmarked term results in a wider range of crowd size estimates than a marked term. Study 5 shows how markedness effects are largely eliminated based on the source of the message team and capacity constraint of the arena. Study 6 incorporates time to show that markedness effects are stronger in a judgment framed as per day than per year. Studies 7, 8 and 10 show how a marked term, such as half empty, results in significantly different numerical estimates over time.

This effect is eliminated when reference to a point in time, such as "at halftime", is removed study 9. Syntactic Naturalness as Complexity. Markedness Diagrams as a Goal of Change. A Theory of Markedness. Case Oppositions. ZeroObjective and ZeroNominative Pronouns. Person Gender and Animacy. Finite Indicative Verbs. Mood Distinctions. The Complementarity of Form and Content. Phonology Morphology and Morphophonemics.

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System error. Markedness and Subject Choice in Optimality Theory. Download citation. Issue Date : November Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:. Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. Skip to main content.

Search SpringerLink Search. Google Scholar Battistella, Edwin L. Google Scholar Bell, Sarah J. Google Scholar Blake, Barry J.